Chloride
Chloride is an electrolyte found in the blood and cells. The concentration of chloride ions in the blood is carefully controlled by various mechanisms. Chloride has several functions. It is closely linked to sodium, another electrolyte found in the blood. It plays an important role in blood pressure in blood vessels and cells. It helps maintain the body's acid-base balance.
| What is the purpose of this test? | This test is usually performed for the following reasons:
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| How to prepare? | No preparation needed |
| Reference values* | 98-107 mmol/L |
| Associated tests | Chloride levels are rarely checked on their own. They are measured as part of an electrolyte panel, which also measures electrolytes such as:
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| How is it done? | A blood sample is drawn, usually from a vein in the arm. |
| How long before I get the results? | Results are usually ready in a day. It may take longer to receive your results. |
What does an abnormal test result mean?
High chloride values:
High blood chloride levels are referred to as hyperchloremia. Hyperchloremia combined with high blood sodium levels usually indicates dehydration. The following conditions can lead to hyperchloremia:
- Kidney problems
- Metabolic acidosis (imbalance of acids and bases in the blood)
- Respiratory alkalosis (hyperventilation)
- Cushing's disease (excessive adrenal gland function)
Low chloride values:
Low blood chloride levels are referred to as hypochloremia. The following conditions can lead to hypochloremia:
- Prolonged gastrointestinal distress (e.g., vomiting, chronic diarrhea)
- Chronic lung diseases (e.g., emphysema)
- Heart failure
- Metabolic alkalosis
- Addison's disease (adrenal insufficiency)
Medications that may affect test results
The use of certain medications can influence test results. Here are a few examples:
- Excessive use of antacids
- Certain diuretic drugs (to treat edema or high blood pressure)
- Chronic use of certain laxatives
What you should know before going for this test
When you go in for a blood test or any other medical exam, it's always a good idea to bring a complete list of any prescriptions, over-the-counter medications, or natural health products you're taking. Unless otherwise advised, it's best to take your medications as usual on blood test days. If in doubt, don't hesitate to talk to your healthcare professional.
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The patient information leaflets are provided by Vigilance Santé Inc. This content is for information purposes only and does not in any manner whatsoever replace the opinion or advice of your health care professional. Always consult a health care professional before making a decision about your medication or treatment.